The importance of nontimber forest products for forestbased. India presents a compelling case for the study of ntfps and their governance. Nontimber forest product use and market chains along. Contribution of non timber forest products to cash and non cash income of remote forest communities in central africa d. Nontimber forest products and livelihoods in the sundarbans. Nontimber forest products nontimber forest products nontimber forest products have been defined in different ways by different authors. Nontimber forest products, often referred to as ntfps, are an important aspect of forests and forest use in many parts of the world. The importance of non timber forest products ntfps to rural livelihoods is widely acknowledged globally, as is the income generated from casual or fulltime trade on village and urban markets. The importance of non timber forest resources and wildlife to people 3. Three major issues in relation to ntfps are addressed. The importance of nontimber forest products for forestbased rural livelihoods. Non timber forest products ntfps, also known as non wood forest products nwfps, minor forest produce, special, minor, alternative and secondary forest products, are useful substances, materials andor commodities obtained from forests which do not require harvesting logging trees.
Due to the lack of agricultural land and industrial activities, forest fringe people collect. Participatory forest management for sustainable utilization of non timber forest products ntfp surrounding the protected area of rinjani and mutis timau mt, nusa tenggara indonesia pd. In morocco, for example, extraction of edible oils from the argan tree. However, its existence is threatened by a number of socioeconomic and environmental pressures.
Pdf the importance of nontimber forest products in tribal. Forest degradation has meant that women have had to walk longer distances into the forests to source materials, with negative impacts on their time poverty, income and personal safety fao 2015. Mani ram banjade and naya sharma paudel forestaction nepal corresponding author. The other animal products are honey, wax, silk moths, horns and hides of dead animals, ivory, antlers of deer, etc. Many ntfps are important subsistence products while others are a valuable source of income. Economic potential of non timber forest products in. Importance of nontimber forest products in the economic. This study examines the income from ntfps and the dependency on these of different. A vast range of forest products are included in this category and the term is interchangeably used with other related terms like natural products, biological resources, minor forest produce, non wood forest products, and secondary forest products. In the middle hills few alternatives may exist, especially for the poorer sectors of the rural population those with limited access to land, labour or credit. In tropical forests, for example, ntfps can be an important source of income that can. Nontimber forest products ntfps are biological resources of plant and animal origin, harvested from natural forests, manmade plantations.
V, issue 4 july 2017 2216 nearly 49 items of the ntfps found to sustain the people especially landless and marginalized groups during lean season and. Recent studies have made it clear, however, that the alleged commercialisation conservationdevelopment link in the ntfp debate needs. Pdf the importance of nontimber forest products for forestbased. Importance of nontimber forest products in native household. Economic potential of nontimber forest products in nepal. Ntfps, which were earlier regarded as minor forest products due to their low volume and value as. In india, ntfps are associated with socioeconomic and cultural life of forest dependent communities inhabiting in wide ecological and geoclimatic conditions throughout the country. The importance of non timber forest products ntfps for forest dwelling people in the tropics and the relatively small ecological impact of their exploitation has raised high expectations as to their potential to contribute to tropical forest conservation. Therefore, they collect some medicinal non timber forest products have an important role plants fig. More importantly, even though nontimber forest products are important for forest conservation, they tend to be undervalued by most policymakers.
The importance of nontimber forest products in rural. The above mentioned major and minor forest products are used for various purposes and form an important sector of indian economy. A key issue in ntfp development is the competitiveness of different products or the same product in different regions. But, a more common and widespread term is nontimber forest products. Freerk wiersum2 summary in the past, the capacity of nontimber forest products ntfps to contribute to tropical forest conservation and poverty alleviation was regarded as very promising. In vietnam, ntfps have become a central source of cash income for people living in local regions near forests 2. In order to conserve tropical rainforests the potential of non timber forest products ntfps has been debated internationally for integrating conservation and development. The role of ntfps in poverty alleviation and biodiversity. The importance of nontimber forest products for forest. Commercialization of nontimber forest products ntfps has been widely promoted as an approach to rural development in tropical forest areas. Non timber forest products ntfps constitute an important source of livelihood for millions of people from forest fringe communities across the world. The role of ntfps in poverty alleviation and biodiversity conservation i preface nontimber forest products ntfps play an important role in the livelihoods of the rural poor, as a source of food, medicine, construction materials, and income throughout the world.
Technical report iii international tropical timber. While the differences between the use and management of ntfps on one hand and timber and natural forest management on the other cannot be denied, there are also some striking similarities. The economic importance of nontimber forest products ntfps for livelihood. They include fruits and nuts, vegetables, fish and game, medicine plants, resins, essence and. Even for management of non timber forests products and its trade, revenue objectives get primacy despite the 1988 forest policy laying emphasis on local needs and rights of tribal women and men. The forest lies at the feet of the ganges and is spread across areas of bangladesh and west bengal, india, forming the seaward fringe of the delta. Nontimber forest products ntfps contribute significantly to a rural households livelihood in the african semiarid tropics. The proceedings were published in the book current issues in nontimber forest products research ruiz perez and arnold, eds. However, due to lack of relevant information on the level of output of non timber products, its economic significance was seldom accounted for in the valuation of forests. For enterprises that offer rural recreation, experience benefits need to be marketed. Pdf the importance of nontimber forest products in. Non timber forest products utilized by households and collectors based on gender typology. Glossary of forestry terms in british columbia pdf.
Non timber forest products ntfps contribute significantly to a rural households livelihood in the african semiarid tropics. Sustainable forest management projects with an explicit gender lens can help reduce womens vulnerability by enhancing their. This book provides a comprehensive, global synthesis of current knowledge on the potential and challenges associated with the multiple roles, use, management and marketing of nontimber forest products ntfps. What are the economic and social benefits of forests. Non timber forest products ntfps are any products or service other than timber that is produce in forest. Relative to forest management for the production of timber, non timber forest products ntfps and environmental services received only scant attention by forest departments until recently. Non timber forest products ntfps for sustained livelihood. A 1995 survey of producers, traders and processors of ntfps operating from the eastern border of the country to the. The result revealed that non timber products contribute 77% of the net value of forests, which reflects importance of ntfps in the forest economy. Interest in ntfps grew slowly during the 1980s, in response to calls for using forests sustainably for the benefit of the wider society and particularly the. Figure 2 shows the main non timber forest products collected by households from fgr. Nontimber forest products 6 1 introduction nontimber forest products ntfps are wild plant and animal products harvested from forests, savannahs and other natural vegetation types.
Ntfps has been debated internationally for integrating conservation and. Non wood forest products provide an important source of income for women. This definition includes the use of wood for canoes, woodcarvings, local house construction, fencing materials and firewood, but excludes industrial timber. Non timber forest products ntfps play an important role in the life and economy of people living in and around forests. Introduction southern forests produce more than timber, wildlife and water.
Nontimber forest products and their contribution to. The economic value of non timber forest products is not well defined, nor adequately understood by decision makers. The production and marketing of non timber goods ntfp and services gained importance in forest management as demand for these increased considerably. Other attributes of non timber forest products include health, wellbeing and gourmet. Importance of non timber forest production in sustainable. Clearly, the trade in non timber forest products ntfps is an important source of income. Non timber forest products ntfps have an important role in the household economy of forest fringe dwellers living in the drydeciduous forests of purulia, bankura and west midnapur districts of west bengal, india. Non timber forest products ntfps play an important role in rural economic growth and farmers revenue increase. However, donor investments in the development of ntfp resources have often failed to deliver the expected benefits in terms of poverty alleviation and improved conservation of natural resources. What are nontimber forest produce and its importance. The first, entitled research on nontimber forest products, was organised in conjunction with the university of zimbabwe, and held in hot springs, zimbabwe, aug. Non timber forest products traded from nepal the ntfps that enter india as raw materials are collected, portered, taxed and traded as a discrete group of products referred to in nepali as jaributi. In accordance with the principles of sustainable forest management, nonwood forest products nwfps are increasingly gaining in importance when it comes to forest policy and nature and environmental protection policy.
Evolving perspectives on non timber forest products. Non timber forest products and livelihoods in the sundarbans fatima tuz zohora1 abstract the sundarbans is the largest single block of tidal halophytic mangrove forest in the world. In general, the depth and breadth of the ntfp economy remains a mystery, and many people involved in the industry hope that it remains that way. The importance of non timber forest products in rural livelihood security and as safety nets. Commercialization of non timber forest products ntfps has been widely promoted as an approach to rural development in tropical forest areas. The significance and usefulness of forests date back to those days when man learnt the merits of a. Fresh, dry and non handcrafted forest foliage and greenery. Harvesting and selling of ntfps are some of the major income generating activities among households living in communities proximate to fgr. The scores for all the respondents were pooled for all the identified ntfps and the mean for each species calculated.
Both products are characterized by overexploitation, affected by government regulations and their weak enforcement. The first, entitled research on non timber forest products, was organised in conjunction with the university of zimbabwe, and held in hot springs, zimbabwe, aug. Non timber forest products ntfps have an important role in the household economy of forest fringe dwellers living in the drydeciduous forests of purulia, bankura and west midnapur districts of. Importance of non timber forest products ntfp almost all arguments that emphasize the importance of the use of ntfp are related to the biodiversity conservation discourse andor to some proposal regarding sustainable development. Determining the local importance of nontimber forest. The importance of nontimber forest products ntfps to rural livelihoods is widely acknowledged globally, as is the income generated from. The contribution of ntfps could go up further, if money saved from buying foods and medicines subsistence value, which the forest dwellers procure from forests is also included. The importance of nontimber forest products in rural livelihood security and as safety nets. Most other products seem to be collected by both men and women. This paper analyses the ongoing discourses and practices regarding the promotion of non timber forest products ntfps. The role of nontimber forest products in creating incentives. Contribution of nontimber forest products to cash and non. However, there is less understanding of how the condition or status of the neighboring landscapes influence the use of and trade in ntfps.
In designing appropriate strategies for sustainable management of non timber forest products, therefore, it is important to identify species with high local importance with the potential for sustainable. Non timber forest products of the northwest district of guyana. In order to conserve tropical rainforests the potential of nontimber forest products. Both products are characterized by overexploitation, affected. Economic potential of non timber forest products in nepal. Despite these benefits the area is threatened by logging, forest fires and land use change to palm oil plantations and for agriculture. In addition to timber, paper, and bioenergy, a number of products are extracted from forests that have important local and economic uses, and have been, suggested by researchers and some environmental ngos and agencies to offer additional economic benefits. The economic importance of nontimber forest products ntfps. Pdf the importance of nontimber forest products in rural. With timber felling being banned all over, the erstwhile minor forest products are now becoming the major forest products from the forests.
Sustainable management of non timber forest resources table of contents acknowledgements table of contents executive summary 1. The importance, role and value of non wood forest product. In the modern world, forests have an important place in the general economy of any country. Other attributes of nontimber forest products include health, wellbeing and gourmet. Given that the importance of ntfps is locationspecific and dynamic, and because local use of non timber forest resource varies greatly, there is the need to conduct a survey that will provide a checklist of non timber resources in the study area so that forest management plans consider all relevant information. In the case of nontimber forest products ntfps, it is imperative to 1 clearly understand the socioeconomic contributions that they make to rural livelihoods in order to 2 design policies. Pdf the previously alleged commercialisationconservationdevelopment links involving nontimber forest products ntfp need reconsideration. Household use of non wood forest products non wood forest products play a central role in the rural economy of the lao pdr, and have. Service defines them as special forest products usda forest service 2001. The increasing realisation of the importance of all forest resources makes the dichotomisation of forest resources into timber and non timber overly simplistic. A vast range of forest products are included in this category. Determining the local importance of non timber forest products using two different prioritization techniques. However, because of their limited commercial value and multifaceted uses, no clear management strategies are in place for such forests.
Non timber forest products ntfps are an important part of forest ecosystems, particularly in tropical natural forests 1. Nontimber forest products in the global context sheona. Nonwood forest products with actual or potential markets the importance of nonwood forest prod. After reading this essay you will learn about forests. Various definitions proposed in literature tend to expound on specific species, aspects and products according to different authors focal interests. They are a vast storehouse for nontimber forest products. Pdf the economic importance of nontimber forest products.
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